Headings are used to help guide the reader through a document. The levels are organized by levels of subordination, and each section of the paper should start with the highest level of heading. For example, in a scientific report following APA style, a report contains three sections: Method, Results, and Discussion. Each of these sections start with level 1 headings:.
Refer to participants at the appropriate level of specificity. The manual provides the example of using "women and men" to refer to all human beings instead of only using man. Refer to participants how they wish to be called. Try to avoid labels if possible, but if this is not avoidable, be respectful. Focus on the people and not the label. Spacing 4. Regarding punctuation in manuscript drafts, APA suggests using two spaces after periods ending sentences to aid readability.
This research project explores how to discuss palliative care with patients. Approximations 4. Use words to express approximations of days, months, and year. Reporting statistics 4. Use a zero before the decimal point with numbers less than one when the statistic can be greater than one.
Include effect sizes and confidence intervals with statistics. This will allow the reader to more fully understand the conducted analyses. Use brackets to group together confidence interval limits in both the body text and tables 5. The sixth edition includes a section 5.
This section can help you decide when and how to display your data. For example, your data might show that you are exploring data and information, or your data may serve a storage purpose for later retrieval. Figures include graphs, charts, maps, drawings, and photographs.
As a general rule, only include figures when they add to the value of the paper. If the figure merely repeats what is written in the paper, do not include it, as it does not add any new information to the paper. The sixth edition also emphasizes the importance of clearly labeling electrophysiological, radiological, and genetic data sections 5. If the quotation is less than 40 words, incorporate the quotation into the text and place quotation marks round the quotation.
Cite the source immediately after the quotation and continue with the sentence. Supplemental Materials. Guidelines for Nonhandicapping Language. Those original posts and comment conversations are still available in an archive. We will keep this archive available until further notice. Free Tutorials and Online Courses.
Frequently Asked Questions. Quick Answers. Quick Answers—Formatting Find answers to common questions about running heads, margins, heading levels, lists, tables, figures, tables of contents, title pages, serial commas, and quotations in sixth edition APA Style. Supplemental and Related Materials.
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